Recombinant Human MED31 protein (GST tag N-Terminus)

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MED31 also known as Mediator complex subunit 31 is a small protein with a molecular mass of approximately 20 kDa. This protein is a component of the Mediator complex which plays an important role in transcription regulation. MED31 is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues indicating its importance in fundamental cellular processes. The Mediator complex where MED31 resides acts as a bridge conveying information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the RNA polymerase II machinery facilitating successful transcription initiation.

Biological function summary

The function of MED31 involves forming part of the larger Mediator complex which consists of multiple other subunits. The Mediator complex interacts directly with transcription factors and RNA polymerase II enhancing or inhibiting transcription based on external cellular signals. By participating in these interactions MED31 helps regulate gene expression which is critical for cell differentiation development and response to environmental changes.

Pathways

Where MED31 operates the protein is integrally involved in the signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta). These pathways are essential for processes such as cell growth apoptosis and differentiation. Other proteins related to these pathways and interacting with the Mediator complex include SMAD family proteins which function downstream of TGF-beta and various kinases that are critical for MAPK signaling.

Where MED31 and its interacting partners come into focus alterations in the Mediator complex function have been connected to cancer and developmental syndromes. MED31’s role in transcription regulation positions it alongside proteins such as SMADs and kinases in contributing to conditions where signaling pathways become dysregulated. This highlights the potential for MED31 as a target for therapeutic intervention in diseases characterized by aberrant transcription control.