Recombinant Human NCR1/NKp46 protein (Biotin) (Fc tag C-Terminus + Avi tag C-Terminus)

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NCR1 also known as NKp46 is a receptor mainly expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells. Its primary role involves recognizing and binding to ligands present on target cells including tumor cells and virus-infected cells. NCR1 initiates the activation of NK cells leading to the destruction of these abnormal cells. The NCR1 protein has a molecular weight of approximately 46 kDa and is a part of the immunoglobulin superfamily. NCR1 is mainly expressed in the immune system specifically on NK cells which are an important component of the innate immune response.

Biological function summary

The function of NCR1 involves the recognition of stressed transformed or infected cells marking them for elimination by NK cells. It does not typically function as a part of a complex; rather it serves a somewhat autonomous role in cell signaling. However its interaction with other receptors on NK cells including DAP12 enhances its signaling capabilities. Through the activation of cascades NCR1 promotes the release of cytotoxic granules and the production of cytokines therefore mediating the immune response.

Pathways

NCR1 plays a significant role in the regulation of immune surveillance pathways. It is involved in the recognition and elimination pathways that modulate the immune response against infected or cancerous cells. NK cells with NCR1's involvement interact with receptors like NKG2D adjusting the NK cell's cytotoxic activity. These interactions coordinate the broader immune response important for innate immunity effectively bridging innate and adaptive immunity by influencing other immune cells.

NCR1 has been implicated in cancer and infectious diseases. In cancer altered expression or dysfunction of NCR1 may contribute to the evasion of immune surveillance by tumor cells potentially leading to tumor progression. Studies have shown reduced NKp46 expression in some cancerous states linking it to poor prognosis. In infectious diseases NCR1 plays a role in targeting virus-infected cells and its dysfunction can result in reduced effectiveness in clearing viral infections. Interactions with viral envelope proteins can interfere with NCR1 activity exemplifying its importance in antiviral defense mechanisms.