Recombinant Human Neurogranin Protein Standard (His tag)

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Neurogranin also known as NRGN is a small neuronal protein with an approximate molecular mass of 7.6 kDa. It is mainly expressed in the brain predominantly within the dendrites of neurons. Neurogranin binds to calmodulin in the presence of calcium playing an important role in synaptic plasticity. This protein acts as a kinase substrate influencing signal transduction pathways tied to learning and memory. Due to its specific expression pattern neurogranin serves as a significant molecular marker for studying the nervous system.

Biological function summary

Neurogranin functions as a modulator in cerebellar signaling and synaptic transmission. It influences calcium-calmodulin signaling facilitating the activation of proteins important in the central nervous system. Neurogranin does not form part of a multi-protein complex but interacts closely with calmodulin to regulate downstream signal cascades. These interactions emphasize its fundamental role in modulating processes that influence cognitive functions like learning and memory.

Pathways

Neurogranin significantly impacts the calcium signaling pathway and contributes to the regulation of long-term potentiation. It closely associates with proteins such as Protein Kinase C (PKC) and calmodulin-dependent protein kinases which are instrumental in these pathways. By modulating these essential signaling routes neurogranin affects intracellular signals that are vital for synaptic plasticity and enhanced neural communication.

Neurogranin has a noted involvement in conditions like Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment. Changes in neurogranin expression levels are linked to the progression of Alzheimer's where reduced levels may contribute to the disruption of synaptic plasticity. Interactions with amyloid-beta peptides and other proteins such as tau highlight its potential as a biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases. These connections underline neurogranin's significant role in understanding cognitive-related disorders and guiding therapeutic research.