Recombinant Human p38 gamma/MAPK12 protein (GST tag N-Terminus)
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- SDS-PAGE
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SDS-PAGE - Recombinant Human p38 gamma/MAPK12 protein (AB45160)
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Proteins & Peptides
AB271606
Recombinant human p38 alpha/MAPK14 protein (Active) (His tag N-Terminus)
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This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Biological function summary
P38 gamma/MAPK12 influences the regulation of gene expression apoptosis and cell cycle processes. It operates within a specific MAP kinase signaling module that conveys signals from the cellular surface to the nucleus. This protein sometimes works in conjunction with other members of the MAPK family forming complexes that further fine-tune cellular responses under various conditions. Its activities help cells adapt to changes in their environment by modulating transcription factors and other important substrates.
Pathways
The MAPK pathway and the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathway both involve p38 gamma/MAPK12. Within these pathways p38 gamma is closely related to proteins such as JNK1 and JNK2 which also respond to stress signals. These pathways are essential for transmitting signals that regulate cellular growth differentiation and stress responses revealing intricacies of cellular adaptation to the environment.
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기능
Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK12 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors such as ELK1 and ATF2. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. Some of the targets are downstream kinases such as MAPKAPK2, which are activated through phosphorylation and further phosphorylate additional targets. Plays a role in myoblast differentiation and also in the down-regulation of cyclin D1 in response to hypoxia in adrenal cells suggesting MAPK12 may inhibit cell proliferation while promoting differentiation. Phosphorylates DLG1. Following osmotic shock, MAPK12 in the cell nucleus increases its association with nuclear DLG1, thereby causing dissociation of DLG1-SFPQ complexes. This function is independent of its catalytic activity and could affect mRNA processing and/or gene transcription to aid cell adaptation to osmolarity changes in the environment. Regulates UV-induced checkpoint signaling and repair of UV-induced DNA damage and G2 arrest after gamma-radiation exposure. MAPK12 is involved in the regulation of SLC2A1 expression and basal glucose uptake in L6 myotubes; and negatively regulates SLC2A4 expression and contraction-mediated glucose uptake in adult skeletal muscle. C-Jun (JUN) phosphorylation is stimulated by MAPK14 and inhibited by MAPK12, leading to a distinct AP-1 regulation. MAPK12 is required for the normal kinetochore localization of PLK1, prevents chromosomal instability and supports mitotic cell viability. MAPK12-signaling is also positively regulating the expansion of transient amplifying myogenic precursor cells during muscle growth and regeneration.
서열 유사성
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
Post-translational modifications
Dually phosphorylated on Thr-183 and Tyr-185 by MAP2K3/MKK3 and MAP2K6/MKK6, which activates the enzyme.. Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination leads to degradation by the proteasome pathway.
Subcellular localisation
Nucleus
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