Recombinant Human Ribonuclease 3 Protein Standard (His tag)

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This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Ribonuclease 3 also known as Dicer1 is an enzyme with a molecular mass of about 219 kDa. It functions as an endoribonuclease cleaving double-stranded RNA and precursor molecules like microRNA (miRNA) into smaller fragments. Primarily Dicer1 localizes in the cytoplasm where it participates in RNA interference processes. Expression of this enzyme is noted across a variety of tissues which indicates its broad role in RNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms.

Biological function summary

Ribonuclease 3 contributes significantly to gene regulation. It forms part of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) which is vital for miRNA and small interfering RNA (siRNA) processing. By converting these precursor molecules into active mature forms Dicer1 allows the regulation of gene expression post-transcriptionally. Through its actions it helps maintain proper cellular processes.

Pathways

Ribonuclease 3 functions in both the RNA interference pathway and the miRNA processing pathway. These pathways play pivotal roles in gene silencing and regulation of gene expression. Dicer1's activity assists in forming the RISC complex which operates alongside proteins like Argonaute to facilitate these processes. This connectivity ensures that Ribonuclease 3's influence extends to cellular homeostasis and developmental regulation.

Ribonuclease 3 is linked to cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Mutations or dysregulation in Dicer1 can lead to abnormal miRNA processing contributing to tumor development and progression. Furthermore its linkage to proteins like Drosha in the miRNA pathway also suggests its involvement in pathologies where miRNA balance is important. The study of Dicer1's malfunction aids in understanding mechanisms in diseases such as these.