Recombinant Human S100A11 protein

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S100A11 also known as Calgizzarin or MLN 70 is a calcium-binding protein of the S100 family. It has a molecular mass of approximately 11 kDa. S100A11 can be found in a wide range of tissues including skin placenta and heart. It exhibits the ability to bind calcium ions through its EF-hand motifs which influences its activity and stability. These calcium-binding domains make S100A11 an important regulator of various intracellular processes by responding to changes in calcium ion concentrations.

Biological function summary

The functions of S100A11 include involvement in cell proliferation differentiation and migration. S100A11 often operates as part of a protein complex facilitating these cellular processes by interacting with other signaling molecules. It can shuttle between the cytoplasm and nucleus influencing gene expression and cellular dynamics. S100A11 has also shown involvement in smooth muscle contraction and skin barrier function regulation.

Pathways

The activity involving S100A11 spans multiple biological pathways including the calcium signaling pathway and the epithelial cell signaling pathway. Through these pathways S100A11 maintains critical cellular homeostasis and function. In the calcium signaling pathway it interacts with proteins like annexins and calcyclin to modulate cellular responses to calcium influx. In epithelial cell signaling it affects pathways related to cell adhesion and communication integrating signals that dictate cell behavior in response to external stimuli.

S100A11 is relevant to cancer progression and inflammatory skin disorders. Its overexpression in various cancers such as bladder and prostate cancer suggests a role in tumor growth and metastasis. During the cancerous process S100A11 interacts with the p53 protein which impacts cell cycle regulation and survival. Additionally in inflammatory skin conditions like psoriasis S100A11 influences keratinocyte activity contributing to abnormal skin scaling and inflammation through interactions with filaggrin and keratin proteins.