Recombinant Human Tissue Factor protein (Tagged)

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Tissue Factor also known as coagulation factor III or CD142 is an important player in the blood coagulation process. This protein with a molecular mass of approximately 47 kDa is a transmembrane glycoprotein. It is expressed widely in various tissues including the lungs heart and brain and plays an important role in initiating the coagulation cascade when exposed to blood. In endothelial cells tissue factor is generally not present unless these cells are in a state of disturbance supporting its role as a primary defense mechanism against vascular injury.

Biological function summary

Tissue factor acts as a cofactor for factor VIIa forming a complex that rapidly catalyzes the activation of factor X to factor Xa. This catalytic action ultimately leads to fibrin formation which is essential for clotting. Tissue Factor (TF) is part of the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade and is fundamental in the generation of a hemostatic response to tissue injury. By regulating thrombin generation through its interaction with other coagulation factors tissue factor plays an important role in maintaining hemostatic balance.

Pathways

Tissue factor is integral in the extrinsic pathway of coagulation which works closely with the intrinsic pathway to ensure effective hemostasis. It complexes with factor VIIa and triggers downstream effects involving proteins like factor X and thrombin. Tissue factor forms a bridge between cellular injury responses and the blood coagulation system linking these two significant physiological processes. The interaction with these proteins highlights its central role in hemostatic pathways and highlights its significance in the coagulation network.

Tissue factor is associated with conditions like thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases where its expression can become dysregulated. Abnormal activation of tissue factor contributes directly to the pathological clot formation seen in thrombosis. It is also implicated in cancer-related coagulopathy where it can facilitate tumor-associated thrombosis by interacting with cancer cell surfaces. Additionally in such diseases the interplay between tissue factor and thrombin becomes important as it affects disease progression and the severity of clot-related complications.