Recombinant Mouse CCL6 Protein Standard (His tag)

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C10 also known as complement component C10 plays an important role in the immune system by facilitating cell lysis through the membrane attack complex (MAC) assembly. It is part of the complement cascade traditionally involved in destroying pathogens and infected host cells. The protein has a molecular mass of approximately 30 kilodaltons. C10 expression occurs mainly in liver hepatocytes but its product circulates in the bloodstream and can also be found in various body fluids.

Biological function summary

This complement component carries out an essential function in innate immunity by contributing to the execution of cellular apoptosis and pathogen elimination. C10 becomes a part of the larger MAC complex interacting with other complement proteins such as C5b C6 C7 C8 and C9 to form pores on target cell membranes. These pore formations help in creating a passage for ions and molecules leading to osmotic lysis and subsequent cell death integral for immune defense.

Pathways

C10 integrates into the complement activation pathway particularly within the terminal pathway of the complement system. This pathway involves a cascade of protein interactions initiated by different triggers such as antigen-antibody complexes or pathogen surfaces. Related proteins like C3 and C5 facilitate the formation and activation of MAC focusing on pathogen neutralization. C10's mechanistic role ensures the effective completion of this terminal pathway contributing significantly to both classical and alternative complement pathways.

Abnormalities in C10 activity can relate to conditions such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In PNH faulty complement regulation due to mutations in complement regulatory proteins like CD55 and CD59 leads to red blood cell destruction where C10's role in MAC formation aggravates hemolysis. In SLE autoantibody production and complement activation create immune complexes that accumulate in organs exacerbating inflammation and tissue damage. Understanding C10's interaction with these proteins provides insight into the therapeutic potential for managing such autoimmune-related conditions.