For the best experience on the Abcam website please upgrade to a modern browser such as Google Chrome

We use cookies to make our site as useful as possible.

Our Cookie Policy explains how you can opt-out of the cookies we use.

If you continue without changing your cookie settings, we'll assume you’re happy with this.

Continue Continue

United States
Your country/region is currently set to:

If incorrect, please enter your country/region into the box below, to view site information related to your country/region.

Call (888) 77-ABCAM (22226) or contact us
Need help? Contact us

  • My account
  • Sign out
Sign in or Register with us

Welcome

Sign in or

Don't have an account?

Register with us
My basket
Quick order
Abcam homepage

  • Research Products
    By product type
    Primary antibodies
    Secondary antibodies
    ELISA and Matched Antibody Pair Kits
    Cell and tissue imaging tools
    Cellular and biochemical assays
    Proteins and Peptides
    By product type
    Proteomics tools
    Agonists, activators, antagonists and inhibitors
    Cell lines and Lysates
    Multiplex miRNA assays
    Multiplex Assays
    By research area
    Cancer
    Cardiovascular
    Cell Biology
    Epigenetics
    Metabolism
    Developmental Biology
    By research area
    Immunology
    Microbiology
    Neuroscience
    Signal Transduction
    Stem Cells
  • Diagnostic & Therapeutic Solutions
    Custom solutions & partnerships

    Custom antibody development and commercial partnerships to advance your diagnostic and therapeutic discovery.

    Create custom solutions with us

    Partner with us

  • Support
    Support hub

    Access advice and support for any research roadblock

    View support hub

    Protocols

    Your experiments laid out step by step

    View protocols

  • Events
    • Conference calendar
    • Cancer
    • Cardiovascular
    • Epigenetics & Nuclear signaling
    • Immunology
    • Neuroscience
    • Stem cells
    • Tradeshows
    • Scientific webinars
    Keep up to date with the latest events

    Full event breakdown with abstracts, speakers, registration and more

    View global event calendar

  • Pathways
    Cell signalling pathways

    View all pathways

    View all interactive pathways

Supporting our customers and employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Read more

TGF-beta/SMAD signaling pathway

Related

  • Active TGFβ proteins
    • All interactive pathways

      The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) proteins are cytokines that are critical during the development and homeostasis of somatic tissue and whose downstream signaling regulates tumor progression. View our interactive TGF-β signaling pathway and find the products that will help your research.

      Download the TGF-beta signaling pathway poster here


      An overview of TGF-β signaling​

      The TGB-B pathway has been shown to orchestrate various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, cell migration, invasion, and extracellular matrix remodeling. The pathway and its components are deregulated in many cancers. ln normal cells and early-stage cancers, TGF-β signaling suppresses tumor formation by inhibiting cell growth and apoptosis. But as cells become resistant to these anti-growth effects through acquiring mutations in TGF-β and its downstream effectors, TGF-β signaling can act as a tumor-promotor.

      The TGF-β family is broadly divided into two sub-families, TGF-β ligands and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) ligands, based on their homology, receptor binding, and activation of the SMAD family of transcription factors. TGF-β signaling is induced by ligands, serine/threonine protein kinases, binding to its cognate cell membrane receptors. The cell membrane receptors are classed as type I or II receptors. The type II receptors are constitutively active. Upon ligand binding, they are brought into proximity to type I receptors to phosphorylate and activate them.


      The canonical TGF-β signaling pathway
      ​

      In canonical signaling, receptor activation induces the C-terminal phosphorylation of SMADs. The phosphorylated SMADs then form a complex with a co-mediator SMAD, SMAD4, that is translocated to the nucleus where it binds to gene promoters. In co-operation with different TFs and co-factors, these complexes control the transcription of hundreds of genes. The SMADs also activate transcription of genes encoding the inhibitory SMADs, SMAD6 and 7, initiating a negative feedback loop to inhibit signaling.

      Non-canonical signaling refers to the activation of other signaling pathways after TGF-β receptor ligation. These include the MAPK (ERK, p38, and JNK), PI3K/Akt, and Rho GTPase pathways.


      What to expect from our TGF-β pathway poster?

      This interactive pathway poster explores the canonical TGF-β signaling, which involves ligands (TGF-β1, INHB, BMP4), receptors (TGFBR1/2), receptor-activated SMADs (SMAD1/2/3/5/9), and the common SMAD (SMAD4).

      ·         Discover how TGF- β signaling is regulated via inhibitory SMADs, transcriptional factors, and co-factors

      ·         Understand the complex interactions between key proteins within the canonical
      TGF-β pathway

      ·         Access the right products for your research


      Get resources and offers direct to your inbox Sign up
      A-Z by research area
      • Cancer
      • Cardiovascular
      • Cell biology
      • Developmental biology
      • Epigenetics & Nuclear signaling
      • Immunology
      • Metabolism
      • Microbiology
      • Neuroscience
      • Signal transduction
      • Stem cells
      A-Z by product type
      • Primary antibodies
      • Secondary antibodies
      • Biochemicals
      • Isotype controls
      • Flow cytometry multi-color selector
      • Kits
      • Loading controls
      • Lysates
      • Peptides
      • Proteins
      • Slides
      • Tags and cell markers
      • Tools & Reagents
      Help & support
      • Support
      • Make an Inquiry
      • Protocols & troubleshooting
      • Placing an order
      • RabMAb products
      • Biochemical product FAQs
      • Training
      • Browse by Target
      Company
      • Corporate site
      • Investor relations
      • Company news
      • Careers
      • About us
      • Blog
      Events
      • Tradeshows
      • Conferences
      International websites
      • abcam.cn
      • abcam.co.jp

      Join with us

      • LinkedIn
      • facebook
      • Twitter
      • YouTube
      • Terms of sale
      • Website terms of use
      • Cookie policy
      • Privacy policy
      • Legal
      • Modern slavery statement
      © 1998-2021 Abcam plc. All rights reserved.