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Signal Transduction Protein Phosphorylation Ser / Thr Kinases PKC
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Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

  • Datasheet
  • SDS
  • COA
Submit a review Q&A (4)References (19)

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Western blot - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Flow Cytometry - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Western blot - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Immunoprecipitation - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Flow Cytometry - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Western blot - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Immunoprecipitation - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
  • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

Key features and details

  • PKC activator
  • CAS Number: 16561-29-8
  • Purity: > 99%
  • Soluble in DMSO to 100 mM and in ethanol to 10 mM
  • Form / State: Solid
  • Source: Synthetic

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Overview

  • Product name

    Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator
  • Description

    PKC activator
  • Alternative names

    • PMA
  • Biological description

    Potent nanomolar activator of protein kinase C in vivo and in vitro. Binds to C1 domain of protein kinase C, induces membrane translocation and enzyme activation. Also reported to have actions on non-kinase proteins including chimaerins, RasGRP and Unc-13/Munc-13. Extremely potent mouse skin tumor promoter.

  • Purity

    > 99%
  • CAS Number

    16561-29-8
  • Chemical structure

    Chemical Structure

Properties

  • Chemical name

    Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
  • Molecular weight

    616.83
  • Molecular formula

    C36H56O8
  • PubChem identifier

    27924
  • Storage instructions

    Store at -20°C. Store under desiccating conditions. The product can be stored for up to 12 months.
  • Solubility overview

    Soluble in DMSO to 100 mM and in ethanol to 10 mM
  • Handling

    This product is supplied in one (or more) pack size which is freeze dried. Therefore the contents may not be readily visible, as they can coat the bottom or walls of the vial. Please see our FAQs and information page for more details on handling.

    Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20°C. Generally, these will be useable for up to one month. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.

    Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please visit our frequently asked questions (FAQ) page for more details.

  • SMILES

    CC(=O)O[C@@]43[C@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@@H](C)[C@@]1(O)[C@@H](C=C(CO)C[C@]2(O)C(=O)C(C)=C[C@@H]12)[C@@H]4C3(C)C
  • Source

    Synthetic

  • Research areas

    • Signal Transduction
    • Protein Phosphorylation
    • Ser / Thr Kinases
    • PKC
    • Neuroscience
    • Neurology process
    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Prolactin
    • Neuroscience
    • Neurology process
    • Neurodegenerative disease
    • Other
    • Cancer
    • Signal transduction
    • Protein phosphorylation
    • Serine/threonine kinases
    • MAPK pathway
    • Cardiovascular
    • Heart
    • Hypertrophy
    • Other
    • Cancer
    • Cancer Metabolism
    • Metabolic signaling pathway
    • Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins
    • Cancer
    • Cancer Metabolism
    • Response to hypoxia
    • Biochemicals
    • Chemical Type
    • Biochemicals
    • Biochemicals
    • Pharmacology
    • Enzymes
    • Kinase
    • Protein Kinase C
    • Activators
    • Metabolism
    • Pathways and Processes
    • Metabolic signaling pathways
    • Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism
    • Lipid metabolism
    • Metabolism
    • Pathways and Processes
    • Metabolism processes
    • Hypoxia
    • Metabolism
    • Types of disease
    • Obesity

Associated products

    Applications

    Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab120297 in the following tested applications.

    The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.

    Application Abreviews Notes
    Functional Studies Use at an assay dependent concentration.

    Images

    • Western blot - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Western blot - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      All lanes : Anti-MMP9 antibody [EP1254] (ab76003) at 1.5 µg/ml

      Lane 1 : Control U937 at 100 µg
      Lane 2 : Stimulated U937 (24 hours with 10 ng x mL-1 PMA (ab120297), 3 final hours with 3 ug x mL-1 of Brefeldin (ab120299)) at 100 µg
      Lane 3 : Human tonsils at 20 µg

      Secondary
      All lanes : Goat anti-rabbit at 1/10000 dilution

      Observed band size: 89 kDa
      why is the actual band size different from the predicted?



      Running buffer: MOPS.

      Conditions: Denatured/reduced.

      This blot was produced using a 4-12% Bis-Tris gel under the MOPS buffer system. The gel was run at 200V for 60 minutes before being transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane at 30V for 70 minutes. The membrane was then blocked for an hour before being incubated with ab76003 (rabbit-anti MMP9; 1.5 ug/mL) and ab8245 (loading control to GAPDH;  0.1 ug/mL) for 48 hours at 4°C. Before imaging, antibody binding was detected using infrared-labeled goat anti-rabbit (green) and goat anti-mouse (red) at  1:10,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature.

    • Flow Cytometry - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Flow Cytometry - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      Flow cytometric analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 90% methanol permeabilized NK-92 (human malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma natural killer cell) cell line treated with 80 μM ab120297 PMA (Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate) and 3 μM Ionomycin for 5 hours, then 300 ng/ml BFA was added for 4 hours labeling Interferon gamma with ab231036 at 1/60 (red) and untreated control (green). Compared with a Rabbit monoclonal IgG-Isotype Control (ab172730) (black) and an unlabeled control (cells incubated with secondary anibody only) (blue). Goat anti rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488, ab150077), at 1/2000 dilution was used as the secondary antibody.

    • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded NK-92 cells labeling Interferon gamma with ab231036 at 1/500 dilution, followed by a ready to use Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051). Nearly no staining on untreated NK92 cells (A) and positive staining on treated NK92 cells (B) (treated with 80 μM ab120297 PMA (Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate) and 3 μM Ionomycin for 5 hours, then with 300 ng/ml BFA for 4 hours) is observed (PMID:23129404). Counter stained with hematoxylin.

      Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is a ready to use Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051).

      Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval using ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0).

    • Western blot - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Western blot - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      All lanes : Anti-MCP1 antibody [EPR21025] (ab214819) at 1/1000 dilution

      Lane 1 : Untreated THP-1 (human monocytic leukemia cell line) whole cell lysate
      Lane 2 : THP-1 treated with 80nM Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24 hours, then treated with 100ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 7 hours, then with 1 µg/ml Brefeldin A (BFA) added after 4 hours, whole cell lysate

      Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane.

      Secondary
      All lanes : Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution

      Observed band size: 11 kDa why is the actual band size different from the predicted?


      Exposure time: 3 minutes


      Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.

    • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% Triton X-100 permeabilized THP-1 (human monocytic leukemia cell line) cells, untreated or treated with 80nM Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24 hours, then treated with 100ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 7 hours, with 1 μg/ml Brefeldin A (BFA) added after 4 hours, labeling MCP1 with ab214819 at 1/50 dilution followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution (green). Confocal image showing cytoplasmic staining in THP-1 treated cells.

      The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Tubulin is detected with Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) (ab195889) (red) at 1/200 dilution.

      Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution.

    • Immunoprecipitation - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Immunoprecipitation - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      MCP1 was immunoprecipitated from 0.35 mg of THP-1 (human monocytic leukemia cell line) treated with 80nM Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24h, then treated with 100ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4h, then together with 1μg/ml Brefeldin A (BFA) for another 3h whole cell lysate with ab214819 at 1/30 dilution. Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using ab214819 at 1/1000 dilution. VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) (ab131366), was used for detection at 1/1000 dilution.

      Lane 1: THP-1 treated with 80nM Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24h, then treated with 100ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4h, then together with 1μg/ml Brefeldin A (BFA) for another 3h whole cell lysate 10 µg (Input). 

      Lane 2: ab214819 IP in THP-1 treated with 80nM Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24h, then treated with 100ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4h, then together with 1μg/ml Brefeldin A (BFA) for another 3h whole cell lysate. 

      Lane 3: Rabbit monoclonal IgG (ab172730) instead of ab214819 in THP-1 treated with 80nM Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24h, then treated with 100ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4h, then together with 1μg/ml Brefeldin A (BFA) for another 3h whole cell lysate.

      Blocking and dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.

    • Flow Cytometry - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Flow Cytometry - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      Flow cytometric analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% Tween-20-permeabilized THP-1 (human monocytic leukemia cell line) cell line, treated with 80nM Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24h, then treated with 100ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4h, then together with 1μg/ml Brefeldin A (BFA) for another 3h (Right) / Untreated control (Left) labeling MCP1 with ab214891 at 1/500 dilution. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (ab150077) at 1/2000 dilution was used as the secondary antibody.

    • Western blot - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Western blot - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      All lanes : Anti-CD69 antibody [EPR21814] (ab233396) at 1/5000 dilution

      Lane 1 : Un-treated Daudi (human Burkitt's lymphoma lymphoblast) whole cell lysate
      Lane 2 : Daudi treated with 50 ng/ml phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24 hours

      Lysates/proteins at 10 µg per lane.

      Secondary
      All lanes : Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution

      Observed band size: 28,32 kDa why is the actual band size different from the predicted?


      Exposure time: 92 seconds


      Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.

      PMA treatment increases the basal level of p28/32 on Daudi. PMID: 1617156.

    • Immunoprecipitation - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Immunoprecipitation - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      CD69 was immunoprecipitated from 0.35 mg Daudi (human Burkitt's lymphoma lymphoblast) treated with 50 ng/ml phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24 hours whole cell lysate with ab233396 at 1/30 dilution. Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using ab233396 at 1/5,000 dilution. VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) (ab131366), was used for detection at 1/5,000 dilution.

      Lane 1: Daudi (human Burkitt's lymphoma lymphoblast) treated with 50 ng/ml phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24 hours whole cell lysate 10 µg (Input). 
      Lane 2: ab233396 IP in Daudi treated with 50 ng/ml phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24 hours whole cell lysate (+). 
      Lane 3: Rabbit monoclonal IgG (ab172730) instead of ab233396 in Daudi treated with 50 ng/ml phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, ab120297) for 24 hours whole cell lysate (-).

      Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.

    • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      Serum starved HeLa cells were incubated at 37°C for 60 minutes with vehicle control (0 µM) and different concentrations of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (ab120297) in DMSO. Increased expression of PKC mu (phospho S916) (ab81218) correlates with an increase in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) concentration, as described in literature.

      Whole cell lysates were prepared with RIPA buffer (containing protease inhibitors and sodium orthovanadate), 20 µg of each were loaded on the gel and the WB was run under reducing conditions. After transfer the membrane was blocked for an hour using 3% milk before being incubated with ab81218 at 1 µg/ml and ab8227 at 1 µg /ml overnight at 4°C. Antibody binding was detected using an anti-rabbit antibody conjugated to HRP (ab97051) at 1/10000 dilution and visualised using ECL development solution.

    • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      Sandwich ELISA - TNF alpha Human ELISA Kit (ab100654)

      TNFa detected in supernatants from control cells (C) or cells stimulated for 24 hours with 50 ng x mL-1 of PMA (ab120297) (P), and PMA with the addition of 1 ug x mL-1 of LPS (Sigma) (P+L) for the last 6 hours. Results shown after background signal was subtracted (duplicates +/- SD).

    • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      Sandwich ELISA - IL-6 (Interleukin-6) Mouse ELISA Kit (ab100712).

      IL-6 detected in supernatants from RAW 246.7 control cells (C) or cells stimulated for 24 hours with 50 ng x mL-1 of PMA (ab120297) (P), or 24 hours with PMA and 1 ug x mL-1 of LPS (Sigma) (P+L) for the last 6 hours. Results shown after background signal was subtracted (duplicates +/- SD).

    • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      Sandwich ELISA - IL-1ra (Interleukin-1ra) Mouse ELISA Kit (ab113348)

      IL-1Ra detected in supernatants from RAW 246.7 control cells (C) or cells stimulated for 24 hours with 50 ng x mL-1 of PMA (ab120297) (P), or 24 hours with PMA and 1 ug x mL-1 of LPS (Sigma) (P+L) for the last 6 hours. Results shown after background signal was subtracted (duplicates +/- SD).

    • Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)
      Functional Studies - Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), PKC activator (ab120297)

      Sandwich ELISA - IFN gamma Human ELISA Kit (ab46025)

      Jurkat were stimulated for 48 hours with 50 ng x mL-1 of PMA (ab120297) and 1 µM Ionomycin (ab120116) and PBMCs were stimulated for 48 hours with 2 % PHA-M (LifeTechnologies). Cell free supernatants were tested, showing results after background signal was subtracted (duplicates +/- SD).

    Protocols

    To our knowledge, customised protocols are not required for this product. Please try the standard protocols listed below and let us know how you get on.

    Click here to view the general protocols

    Datasheets and documents

    • Datasheet
    • SDS
    • COA
  • References (19)

    Publishing research using ab120297? Please let us know so that we can cite the reference in this datasheet.

    ab120297 has been referenced in 19 publications.

    • Liu YJ  et al. Parthenolide ameliorates colon inflammation through regulating Treg/Th17 balance in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Theranostics 10:5225-5241 (2020). PubMed: 32373209
    • Fang H  et al. NF-?B signaling pathway inhibition suppresses hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and cognitive impairment via RCAN1 in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Cell Cycle 18:1001-1018 (2019). PubMed: 30990350
    • Han Y  et al. Tumor-associated macrophages promote lung metastasis and induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in osteosarcoma by activating the COX-2/STAT3 axis. Cancer Lett 440-441:116-125 (2019). PubMed: 30343113
    • Gao K  et al. Exosomes Derived From Septic Mouse Serum Modulate Immune Responses via Exosome-Associated Cytokines. Front Immunol 10:1560 (2019). PubMed: 31354717
    • Huang L  et al. CD8+ T cells with high TGF-ß1 expression cause lymph node fibrosis following HIV infection. Mol Med Rep 18:77-86 (2018). PubMed: 29749506
    View all Publications for this product

    Customer reviews and Q&As

    Show All Reviews Q&A
    Submit a review Submit a question

    1-4 of 4 Abreviews or Q&A

    Question

    Is this PMA (Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (ab120297)) you mentioned in the positive control (HeLa cell extract treated with PMA ) in Anti-Smad2 (phospho S467) antibody (ab53100)??? Thank you

    Read More

    Abcam community

    Verified customer

    Asked on May 03 2013

    Answer

    I can confirm that PMA is indeed Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and it was used to induce the modification of Phospho-Smad2 at S467 site.

    Read More

    Abcam Scientific Support

    Answered on May 03 2013

    Question

    Dear Sir/Madam, We would like to know if this Anti-CPI17 alpha (phospho T38) antibody has been detected in C2C12 cellular extracts. If so, could you please send me some information regarding the detecting with this antibody. Looking forward to hearing from you.

    Read More

    Abcam community

    Verified customer

    Asked on Oct 17 2012

    Answer

    Thank you for contacting us.

    We have not specifically tested ab52147 on C2C12 cells. However, we do have customer feedback regarding the use of this antibody to detect the phosphorylated protein in treated myometrial smooth muscle cells.

    https://www.abcam.com/CPI-17-phospho-T38-antibody-ab52174.html&tab=abreviews&intabreviewid=13947

    In his treatment, this customer used oxytocin, which we carry as ab120186 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which we carry as ab120297.

    https://www.abcam.com/Oxytocin-ab120186.html

    https://www.abcam.com/Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-PMA-ab120297.html

    I do not know enough about the protein to tell you definitively whether or not this protein is endogenously phosphorylated in C2C12 cells. I do have an image of ab52174 used in WB with untreated RAW264.7 cells though, which we sell as ab7187. I'll be sure to get that WB image added to the datasheet online, but it will take a few days to appear.

    https://www.abcam.com/RAW-264-7-Mouse-leukaemic-monocyte-macrophage-cell-line-Whole-Cell-Lysate-ab7187.html

    I hope this information is helpful to you. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you need any more advice or information.

    Use our products? Submit an Abreview. Earn rewards!
    https://www.abcam.com/abreviews

    Read More

    Abcam Scientific Support

    Answered on Oct 17 2012

    Question

    I would like to know if your PMA is sterile for cell culture.  If not do you sell any PMA that is?  

    Read More

    Abcam community

    Verified customer

    Asked on Aug 08 2012

    Answer

    Thank you for contacting us.

    Our productab120297 Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate is 99% has a purity. We do recommend always sterile filtering any reagent for use in cell culture work.

    I hope this information is helpful to you. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you need any more advice or information.

    Use our products? Submit an Abreview. Earn rewards!
    https://www.abcam.com/abreviews

    Read More

    Abcam Scientific Support

    Answered on Aug 08 2012

    Question

    Ich habe den WB-Fragebogen ausgefuellt, ich hoffe Sie koennen mir helfen.

    Read More

    Abcam community

    Verified customer

    Asked on Mar 07 2012

    Answer

    Vielen Dank für Ihre Anfrage und dafür, dass Sie sich die Zeit genommen haben, unseren Fragebogen auszufüllen.

    Die Bande bei 50 kDa sieht in der Tat unspezifisch aus; dies wäre allerdings ja nicht weiter schlimm, wenn Sie die spezifische Bande bei 120/140 kDa detektieren würden. Ihr Protokoll sieht absolut in Ordnung aus, und daher macht es mir etwas Sorgen, dass Sie keine positiven Ergebnisse erzielen.

    Um der Sache auf den Grund zu gehen, würde ich Sie gerne noch nach einigen Details fragen:

    Wie haben Sie die Jurkat-Zellen infiziert (Vpr-/wt/M)? Und wissen Sie, ob diese Infektion den T-Zellrezeptorkomplex aktiviert und damit die Expression von NFAT induziert?

    Oder anders gefragt: Haben Sie eine Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/Ionomycin-stimulierte Positivkontrolle mitgeführt? Sollte der Antikörper mit dieser Kontrolle auch keine Bande für NFAT ergeben, wäre das der Beweis, dass mit dem Vial etwas nicht stimmt, und ich könnte Ihnen umgehend einen kostenlosen Ersatz zusenden. Wir haben zum einen PMA und Ionomycin in unserem Katalog, falls Sie Ihre Zellen selbst stimulieren möchten (ab120297, ab120116, ab120370), oder wir haben Lysate stimulierter Zellen wie zum Beispiel ab14850 oder ab14843 verfügbar.

    Click here (or use the following: https://www.abcam.com/Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-PMA-PKC-activator-ab120297.html).
    Click here (or use the following: https://www.abcam.com/Ionomycin-Ca2-Salt-Ca2-ionophore-ab120116.html).
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    Vielen Dank für Ihre Kooperation und Hilfsbereitschaft. Ich freue mich auf Ihre Antworten.

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    Abcam Scientific Support

    Answered on Mar 07 2012

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