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Proteins rarely operate in isolation. Instead, they typically function within multi-subunit complexes. Targeting proteins in their multi-component state is essential to understand their function and to accurately inform the development of therapeutics.
Without the right set of tools, protein analysis can be complicated and generate misleading results. Cross-species reactivity can arise when using both primary and secondary antibodies (indirect detection), or there may be challenges in sourcing appropriately labeled primary conjugated antibodies (direct detection).
To overcome these issues, we have launched an exclusive range of conjugated antibodies with a variety of fluorescent labels.
Browse all conjugated antibodies for immunofluorescence
Browse all conjugated antibodies for flow cytometry
Label | Validated application(s) |
Alexa Fluor ® dyes | Immunofluorescence (ICC/IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry |
Phycoerythrin (R-PE) | Flow cytometry (internally validated in ICC/IF) |
FITC (Fluorescein isothiocyanate) | ICC/IF and/or flow cytometry |
APC (Allophycocyanin) | Flow cytometry (internally validated in ICC/IF) |
PerCP (Peridinin chlorophyll) | Flow cytometry (internally validated in ICC/IF) |
Learn more about our complete range of antibody conjugation solutions.
Download our fluorophore table with the emission and excitation fluorescence spectra for the most commonly used fluorochromes.
Label | Color* | ExMax (nm) | EmMax (nm) | QY |
AF405 | Violet | 402 | 421 | - |
AF488 | Cyan-green | 495 | 519 | 0.92 |
FITC | Cyan-green | 495 | 519 | 0.92 |
AF555 | Yellow-green | 555 | 565 | 0.1 |
R-PE | Yellow-green | 565 | 578 | 0.84 |
AF568 | Orange | 578 | 603 | 0.69 |
AF594 | Orange-red | 590 | 617 | 0.66 |
APC | Far-red | 650 | 660 | 0.68 |
AF647 | Far-red | 650 | 668 | 0.33 |
PerCP | Far-red | 482 | 675 | - |
AF680 | Near-IR | 679 | 702 | 0.36 |
AF790 | Near-IR | 784 | 814 | - |
* = approximate color of the emission spectrum.
Abbreviations: AF = Alexa Fluor®. ExMax = Excitation max. EmMax = Emission max. EC = extinction coefficient (cm-1 M-1). QY = Quantum Yield.
Alexa Fluor® is a registered trademark of Life Technologies. Alexa Fluor® dye conjugates contain(s) technology licensed to Abcam by Life Technologies.