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  1. Link

    products/primary-antibodies/bak-antibody-y164-ab32371.pdf

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Cell Biology Apoptosis Intracellular Bcl2 Family
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Validated using a knockout cell lineRecombinantRabMAb

Recombinant Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

  • Datasheet
  • SDS
Reviews (3)Q&A (4)References (51)

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Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
  • Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

Key features and details

  • Produced recombinantly (animal-free) for high batch-to-batch consistency and long term security of supply
  • Rabbit monoclonal [Y164] to Bak
  • Suitable for: IP, Flow Cyt (Intra), WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF
  • Knockout validated
  • Reacts with: Human

Conjugates logo Related conjugates and formulations

Carrier Free HRP

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Primary
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Anti-Bcl-XL antibody [E18] - BSA and Azide free (ab199099)
Secondary
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Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab205718)
Knockout
Product image
Human BAK1 (Bak) knockout HeLa cell line (ab265277)

View more associated products

Overview

  • Product name

    Anti-Bak antibody [Y164]
    See all Bak primary antibodies
  • Description

    Rabbit monoclonal [Y164] to Bak
  • Host species

    Rabbit
  • Specificity

    ab32371 recognises Bak. The antibody does not cross-react with other Bcl2 members.
  • Tested applications

    Suitable for: IP, Flow Cyt (Intra), WB, IHC-P, ICC/IFmore details
  • Species reactivity

    Reacts with: Human
  • Immunogen

    Synthetic peptide. This information is proprietary to Abcam and/or its suppliers.

  • Positive control

    • WB: Recombinant Human Bak protein (ab114337), HAP1, HeLa and HEK-293 cell lysates; human heart and fetal heart lysates. IHC-P: Human pancreatic carcinoma, stomach carcinoma and normal stomach tissue. ICC/IF: HeLa cells. IP: HCT 116 and HeLa cell lysates. Flow Cyt (intra): HeLa cells.
  • General notes

    This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

    • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
    • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
    • - Long-term security of supply
    • - Animal-free production
    For more information see here.

    Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

    We are constantly working hard to ensure we provide our customers with best in class antibodies. As a result of this work we are pleased to now offer this antibody in purified format. We are in the process of updating our datasheets. The purified format is designated 'PUR' on our product labels. If you have any questions regarding this update, please contact our Scientific Support team.

    Mouse, Rat: We have preliminary internal testing data to indicate this antibody may not react with these species. Please contact us for more information.

Properties

  • Form

    Liquid
  • Storage instructions

    Shipped at 4°C. Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Upon delivery aliquot. Store at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycle.
  • Storage buffer

    pH: 7.20
    Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
    Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.21% BSA
  • Concentration information loading...
  • Purity

    Protein A purified
  • Clonality

    Monoclonal
  • Clone number

    Y164
  • Isotype

    IgG
  • Research areas

    • Cell Biology
    • Apoptosis
    • Intracellular
    • Bcl2 Family

Associated products

  • Alternative Versions

    • HRP Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab199516)
    • Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] - BSA and Azide free (ab220790)
  • Compatible Secondaries

    • Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (ab150077)
    • Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab205718)
    • Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (ab216773)
    • Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed (ab216776)
  • Isotype control

    • Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control (ab172730)
  • KO cell lines

    • Human BAK1 (Bak) knockout HeLa cell line (ab265277)
  • KO cell lysates

    • Human BAK1 (Bak) knockout HeLa cell lysate (ab257077)
  • Positive Controls

    • Recombinant Human Bak protein (ab114337)
    • HeLa whole cell lysate (ab29545)
  • Recombinant Protein

    • Recombinant Human Bak protein (ab114337)

Applications

The Abpromise guarantee

Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab32371 in the following tested applications.

The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.

Application Abreviews Notes
IP (1)
Use at an assay dependent concentration.
Flow Cyt (Intra)
1/10 - 1/20.

ab172730 - Rabbit monoclonal IgG, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody.

WB (1)
1/10000. Predicted molecular weight: 23 kDa.

For unpurified use at 1/1000 - 1/5000. 

IHC-P (1)
1/200. Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
ICC/IF
1/100.

For unpurified use at 1/250-1/500.

Notes
IP
Use at an assay dependent concentration.
Flow Cyt (Intra)
1/10 - 1/20.

ab172730 - Rabbit monoclonal IgG, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody.

WB
1/10000. Predicted molecular weight: 23 kDa.

For unpurified use at 1/1000 - 1/5000. 

IHC-P
1/200. Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
ICC/IF
1/100.

For unpurified use at 1/250-1/500.

Target

  • Function

    In the presence of an appropriate stimulus, accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the anti-apoptotic action of BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Low micromolar levels of zinc ions inhibit the promotion of apoptosis.
  • Tissue specificity

    Expressed in a wide variety of tissues, with highest levels in the heart and skeletal muscle.
  • Sequence similarities

    Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
  • Domain

    Intact BH3 motif is required by BIK, BID, BAK, BAD and BAX for their pro-apoptotic activity and for their interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family.
  • Cellular localization

    Mitochondrion membrane.
  • Target information above from: UniProt accession Q16611 The UniProt Consortium
    The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) in 2010
    Nucleic Acids Res. 38:D142-D148 (2010) .

    Information by UniProt
  • Database links

    • Entrez Gene: 578 Human
    • Omim: 600516 Human
    • SwissProt: Q16611 Human
    • Unigene: 485139 Human
    • Alternative names

      • Apoptosis regulator BAK antibody
      • BAK antibody
      • BAK like antibody
      • Bak NT antibody
      • BAK_HUMAN antibody
      • Bak1 antibody
      • Bcl 2 homologous antagonist/killer antibody
      • Bcl 2 like 7 protein antibody
      • Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer antibody
      • Bcl-2-like protein 7 antibody
      • BCL2 antagonist/killer 1 antibody
      • Bcl2 like 7 Protein antibody
      • Bcl2-L-7 antibody
      • BCL2L7 antibody
      • CDN1 antibody
      • Cell death inhibitor 1 antibody
      • MGC117255 antibody
      • MGC3887 antibody
      • NBak antibody
      • Pro apoptotic protein BAK antibody
      see all

    Images

    • Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      All lanes : Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371) at 1/1000 dilution

      Lane 1 : Wild-type HeLa cell lysate
      Lane 2 : BAK1 knockout HeLa cell lysate

      Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane.

      Performed under reducing conditions.

      Predicted band size: 23 kDa
      Observed band size: 23 kDa



      Lanes 1- 2: Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab32371 observed at 23 kDa. Red - Anti-GAPDH antibody [6C5] - Loading Control (ab8245) observed at 37 kDa.

       ab32371 was shown to react with Bak in wild-type HeLa cells in western blot. Loss of signal was observed when knockout cell line ab265277 (knockout cell lysate ab257077) was used. Wild-type HeLa and BAK1 knockout HeLa cell lysates were subjected to SDS-PAGE. Membrane was blocked for 1 hour at room temperature in 0.1% TBST with 3% non-fat dried milk. ab32371 and Anti-GAPDH antibody [6C5] - Loading Control (ab8245) overnight at 4°C at a 1 in 1000 dilution and a 1 in 20000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye®800CW) preadsorbed (ab216773) and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye®680RD) preadsorbed (ab216776) secondary antibodies at 1 in 20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

    • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Human pancreatic carcinoma tissue sections labeling Bak with Purified ab32371 at 1:200 dilution (2.98 μg/ml). Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0). Tissue was counterstained with Hematoxylin. ab97051 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP)
      secondary antibody was used at 1:500 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the negative control.

    • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence analysis of HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labeling Bak with Purified ab32371 at 1:100 dilution. Cells were fixed in 4% Paraformaldehyde and permeabilized with 0.1% tritonX-100. Cells were counterstained with Ab195889 Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) 1:200. ab150077 Goat anti rabbit IgG(Alexa Fluor® 488) was used as the secondary antibody at 1:1000 dilution. DAPI nuclear counterstain. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control.

    • Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      All lanes : Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      Lane 1 : Wild-type HAP1 whole cell lysate
      Lane 2 : BAK knockout HAP1 whole cell lysate
      Lane 3 : Human Heart whole cell lysate

      Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane.

      Predicted band size: 23 kDa



      Lanes 1 - 3: Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab32371 observed at 25 kDa. Red - loading control, ab9484, observed at 37 kDa.

      Unpurified ab32371 was shown to specifically recognize BAK in wild-type HAP1 cells. No band was observed when BAK knockout cells were examined. Wild-type and BAK knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. Unpurified ab32371 and ab9484 (Mouse anti GAPDH loading control) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1/1000 dilution and 1/20,000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed ab216773 and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preabsorbed ab216776 secondary antibodies at 1/20,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

    • Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      ab32371 (purified) at 1:20 dilution (2μg) immunoprecipitating Bak in HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate.

      Lane 1 (input): HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate 10μg
      Lane 2 (+): ab32371 & HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate
      Lane 3 (-): Rabbit monoclonal IgG (ab172730) instead of ab32371 in HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate

      For western blotting, VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) (ab131366) was used for detection at 1:1000 dilution.
      Blocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.

    • Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      Intracellular Flow Cytometry analysis of HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labeling Bak with purified ab32371 at 1/20 dilution (10µg/ml) (red). Cells were fixed with 4% Paraformaldehyde and permeabilised with 90% methanol. A Goat anti rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488) secondary antibody was used at 1/2000 dilution. Isotype control - Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Black). Unlabeled control - Cell without incubation with primary antibody and secondary antibody (Blue). 

       

       

    • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Human stomach tissue sections labeling Bak with Purified ab32371 at 1:200 dilution (2.98 μg/ml). Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0). Tissue was counterstained with Hematoxylin. ab97051 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP)
      secondary antibody was used at 1:500 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the negative control.

    • Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      All lanes : Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371) at 1/10000 dilution (purified)

      Lane 1 : HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysates
      Lane 2 : HEK-293 (Human embryonic kidney epithelial cell) whole cell lysates
      Lane 3 : Human fetal heart lysates

      Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane.

      Secondary
      All lanes : Anti-Rabbit IgG (HRP), specific to the non-reduced form of IgG at 1/2000 dilution

      Predicted band size: 23 kDa
      Observed band size: 23 kDa



      Blocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST

    • Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Western blot - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371) at 1/5000 dilution (unpurified) + HeLa cell lysate

      Predicted band size: 23 kDa
      Observed band size: 23 kDa

    • Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      Unpurified ab32371 staining Bakin the human cell line HeLa (human cervix adenocarcinoma) by intracellular flow cytometry. Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 90% methanol and the sample was incubated with the primary antibody at a dilution of 1/20. A goat anti rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488) at a dilution of 1/2000 was used as the secondary antibody. 

      Isoytype control: Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Black) 

      Unlabelled control: Cell without incubation with primary antibody and secondary antibody (Blue) 

       

       

    • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      Immunohistochemical analysis of Bak expression in paraffin embedded human stomach carcinoma, using 1/250 unpurified ab32371.

    • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      ICC/IF image of unpurified ab32371 stained HeLa cells. The cells were 4% PFA fixed (10 min) and then incubated in 1%BSA / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine in 0.1% PBS-Tween for 1h to permeabilise the cells and block non-specific protein-protein interactions. The cells were then incubated with the antibody (unpurified ab32371, 1µg/ml) overnight at +4°C. The secondary antibody (green) was Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) used at a 1/1000 dilution for 1h. Alexa Fluor® 594 WGA was used to label plasma membranes (red) at a 1/200 dilution for 1h. DAPI was used to stain the cell nuclei (blue) at a concentration of 1.43µM.

    • Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Immunoprecipitation - Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

      Bak was immunoprecipitated from HCT116 p53-/- cell line whole cell lysate with unpurified ab32371 at 1/100 dilution.

      Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using ab32371 at 1/2000 dilution.

      See Abreview

    • Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)
      Anti-Bak antibody [Y164] (ab32371)

    Protocols

    • Recommended IHC-P protocol with ab32371

    Click here to view the general protocols

    Datasheets and documents

    • SDS download

    • Datasheet download

      Download

    References (51)

    Publishing research using ab32371? Please let us know so that we can cite the reference in this datasheet.

    ab32371 has been referenced in 51 publications.

    • Rys RN  et al. Apoptotic Blocks in Primary Non-Hodgkin B Cell Lymphomas Identified by BH3 Profiling. Cancers (Basel) 13:N/A (2021). PubMed: 33670870
    • Rachakhom W & Banjerdpongchai R Effect of Calomelanone, a Dihydrochalcone Analogue, on Human Cancer Apoptosis/Regulated Cell Death in an In Vitro Model. Biomed Res Int 2020:4926821 (2020). PubMed: 33415148
    • Su Q  et al. IFN-? induces apoptosis in human melanocytes by activating the JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 22:3111-3116 (2020). PubMed: 32945463
    • Elouej S  et al. Loss of MTX2 causes mandibuloacral dysplasia and links mitochondrial dysfunction to altered nuclear morphology. Nat Commun 11:4589 (2020). PubMed: 32917887
    • Guttà C  et al. Low expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bak and Smac indicates prolonged progression-free survival in chemotherapy-treated metastatic melanoma. Cell Death Dis 11:124 (2020). PubMed: 32054850
    View all Publications for this product

    Customer reviews and Q&As

    Show All Reviews Q&A
    Submit a review Submit a question

    1-7 of 7 Abreviews or Q&A

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) abreview for Anti-Bak antibody [Y164]

    Excellent
    Abreviews
    Abreviews
    abreview image
    Application
    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections)
    Sample
    Human Tissue sections (COLO205 colon carcinoma xenograft)
    Antigen retrieval step
    Heat mediated - Buffer/Enzyme Used: Tris/EDTA pH 9
    Permeabilization
    No
    Specification
    COLO205 colon carcinoma xenograft
    Blocking step
    Serum as blocking agent for 1 hour(s) and 0 minute(s) · Concentration: 15% · Temperature: 20°C
    Fixative
    Formaldehyde
    Read More
    The reviewer received a reward from Abcam’s Loyalty Program in thanks for submitting this Abreview and for helping the scientific community make better-informed decisions.

    Abcam user community

    Verified customer

    Submitted Dec 14 2015

    Immunoprecipitation abreview for Anti-Bak antibody [Y164]

    Excellent
    Abreviews
    Abreviews
    abreview image
    Application
    Immunoprecipitation
    Immuno-precipitation step
    Protein A/G
    Sample
    Human Cell lysate - whole cell (HCT116 p53-/- cell line)
    Specification
    HCT116 p53-/- cell line
    Total protein in input
    100 µg
    Read More
    The reviewer received a reward from Abcam’s Loyalty Program in thanks for submitting this Abreview and for helping the scientific community make better-informed decisions.

    Mr. Christian Marx

    Verified customer

    Submitted Aug 27 2013

    Western blot abreview for Anti-Bak antibody [Y164]

    Excellent
    Abreviews
    Abreviews
    abreview image
    Application
    Western blot
    Sample
    Human Cell lysate - other (isolated mitochondria from NB4 cell line)
    Loading amount
    30 µg
    Specification
    isolated mitochondria from NB4 cell line
    Gel Running Conditions
    Reduced Denaturing (13%)
    Blocking step
    Milk as blocking agent for 1 hour(s) and 0 minute(s) · Concentration: 5% · Temperature: 25°C
    Read More
    The reviewer received a reward from Abcam’s Loyalty Program in thanks for submitting this Abreview and for helping the scientific community make better-informed decisions.

    Mr. Christian Marx

    Verified customer

    Submitted Feb 15 2013

    Question

    Can you tell me the protein concentration of the following antibody please;   Epitomics Total BAK- cat no.  #1542-1, Lot No. Y1063010CS  

    Read More

    Abcam community

    Verified customer

    Asked on Apr 19 2013

    Answer

    The concentration of 1542-1 lot YI063010CS is 0.1160 mg/ml.

    Read More

    Abcam Scientific Support

    Answered on Apr 19 2013

    Question

    We recently got an antibody from you, Product ab32371 (Rabbit monoclonal [Y164] to Bak). We are trying to setup the right protocol for this. The datasheet provided with the antibody includes a step of blocking for 1 hr with blocking solution comprising of PBS+10% BLOCKING SERUM. We have never used this step in our lab for any of the antibodies we are using. Please if you could provide us the details as how essential this blocking is, would it affect the staing significantly and in what way if we omit this step.

    Read More

    Abcam community

    Verified customer

    Asked on Dec 13 2011

    Answer

    Thank you for contacting us.  The purpose of the blocking step is to prevent non-specific binding between the antibodies and the tissue section, membrane, 96-well plate, etc.  It is possible to get a good signal without a blocking step, but blocking will help increase confidence that your staining is specific and will improve the quality of your images.  If you observe signal when doing an isotype control, that would indicate that you are detecting non-specific signal that could be prevented by blocking.  To block tissue sections we recommend incubating them with blocking solution just prior to applying the primary antibody.  The blocking should be done after any antigen retrieval or permeabilization.  Using 10% normal serum from the host species of your secondary antibody will allow any regions of the tissue that would bind to the primary or secondary antibodies to be coated with antibodies that will not generate signal.  For example, if you are using a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody, we recommend blocking with 10% normal goat serum.  Additionally, depending on what type of detection you are using, further blocking steps may be necessary.  When using an HRP conjugated secondary, it is recommended to use an H2O2 pre-treatment to quench endogenous peroxidases.  Similar pretreatments exist for AP and Biotin.  There are also additional blocking steps that can be done when autofluorescence is a problem.  For more information about additional blocking steps, please see the following reference: http://www.ihcworld.com/_intro/ihc-methods.htm I hope this helps, please let me know if you have any further questions.   

    Read More

    Abcam Scientific Support

    Answered on Dec 13 2011

    Question

    BATCH NUMBER -- NOT SPECIFIED -- ORDER NUMBER -- NOT SPECIFIED -- DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM No signal or weak signal SAMPLE Rat intestine tissue lysates PRIMARY ANTIBODY Bak ab32371. 1:1000, o/n at 4C. washed 15 mins DETECTION METHOD ECL 2 mins POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE CONTROLS USED Not used. ANTIBODY STORAGE CONDITIONS Frozen aliquoted, -20C SAMPLE PREPARATION Triton X lysis buffer, 1% protease inhibitor AMOUNT OF PROTEIN LOADED 50ug ELECTROPHORESIS/GEL CONDITIONS Non-reducing, denaturing TRANSFER AND BLOCKING CONDITIONS Transfered at 40V for 3 hours. Casein 10% for 1 hour SECONDARY ANTIBODY anti rabbit. 1:5000. 1 hour at RT. washed 15 mins HOW MANY TIMES HAVE YOU TRIED THE APPLICATION? 2 HAVE YOU RUN A "NO PRIMARY" CONTROL? No DO YOU OBTAIN THE SAME RESULTS EVERY TIME? Yes WHAT STEPS HAVE YOU ALTERED? dilution of primary antibody, changed from 1:2000 initially to 1:1000, no change - no signal

    Read More

    Abcam community

    Verified customer

    Asked on Aug 06 2007

    Answer

    Thank you for your enquiry. I am sorry to hear that you are experiencing difficulties with this product ab32371 in western blot. Often it is possible to make suggestions that help resolve problems. We will happily offer technical support and in the event that a product is not functioning in the applications cited on the product data sheet (and the problem has been reported within 120 days of purchase), and if it appears that the antibody is at fault, a replacement/credit note/refund will be offered. After looking at the protocols you used, I am surprised that even 50ug of protein, you still did not manage to get any bands. However, it is very hard for me to determine the cause without more details of your WB protocol. I would therefore appreciate if you can please clarify the following items. - Was the Triton X lysis buffer you used a RIPA buffer? If not, please try RIPA buffer as it is the strongest and will ensure that you get all the protein of interest out. - could the no signal you are experiencing be due to poor transfer of protein to membrane? Did you check the transfer efficiency? This can be simply done with a reversible stain such as Ponceau S. - Most customers who use milk as a blocking agent tend to have problems detecting bands. At Abcam, almost all of our products have been tested with 5% BSA. Sometimes, a different blocking buffer might cause cross reaction between the blocking agent and antibodies, therefore causing weak bands or no bands at all. I would recommend trying 5% BSA, if you have not already done so. - can you confirm that the second antibody you used also managed to produce good results with other primary antibodies? In some cases, the problem may be with the secondary antibody not working. - Cross reaction between the antibodies with the diluent could also cause the lack of signals. We would normally use 1% BSA to dilute the primary and secondary antibodies. You can also use PBST only. Can you confirm you have reduced and denatured the sample at 95oC for 10 minutes in buffer containing SDS and mercaptoethanol? This will ensure the protein is in the correct conformation to run at the correct molecular weight and be detected by the antibody. I am sorry for the string of questions but I hope the above recommendations may already help you. If you have already tried the above suggestions and still experience problems, please do not hesitate to contact me with details of your order (purchase order number, date of purchase, shipping address/purchasing agent, etc.). Also, please advice me on how you would like to proceed with your enquiry, so that I can immediately arrange for a replacement or refund to you.

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    Abcam Scientific Support

    Answered on Aug 06 2007

    Question

    I am working on a immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of two proteins, Bak and Bax,in the colon. We bought 2 Abcam antibodies of Bak (ab32371 rabbit monoclonal Y164, and ab15179 rabbit polyclonal prediluted). There is a photo on the protocol about immunohistochemistry with Bak antibody Y164 (ab32371. Can you please let me know how did you achieve that picture? Which antigen retrieval did you used and how long was it incubated? Do you have any written protocol about all the steps.

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    Abcam community

    Verified customer

    Asked on May 02 2007

    Answer

    Thank you for your enquiry. The laboratory that tested this antibody in IHC has provided the detailed protocol and I have added this to the datasheet of the antibody for your convenience. You can access this via the datasheet link below. Please do not hesitate to contact me if I can be of further assistance,

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    Abcam Scientific Support

    Answered on May 02 2007

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