Recombinant Anti-mTOR antibody [Y391] (ab32028)
Key features and details
- Produced recombinantly (animal-free) for high batch-to-batch consistency and long term security of supply
- Rabbit monoclonal [Y391] to mTOR
- Suitable for: WB, IP, IHC-P, IHC-Fr
- Reacts with: Mouse, Rat, Human
Related conjugates and formulations
Overview
-
Product name
Anti-mTOR antibody [Y391]
See all mTOR primary antibodies -
Description
Rabbit monoclonal [Y391] to mTOR -
Host species
Rabbit -
Specificity
Expression levels of the target protein vary with sample type and some optimisation may be required.
-
Tested applications
Suitable for: WB, IP, IHC-P, IHC-Frmore details
Unsuitable for: Flow Cyt or ICC/IF -
Species reactivity
Reacts with: Mouse, Rat, Human -
Immunogen
Synthetic peptide within Human mTOR aa 2400-2500 (C terminal). The exact sequence is proprietary.
(Peptide available asab193663) -
Epitope
ab32028 reacts with an epitope located in the C terminal region of mTOR. -
Positive control
-
General notes
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
- - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
- - Improved sensitivity and specificity
- - Long-term security of supply
- - Animal-free production
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
We are constantly working hard to ensure we provide our customers with best in class antibodies. As a result of this work we are pleased to now offer this antibody in purified format. We are in the process of updating our datasheets. The purified format is designated 'PUR' on our product labels. If you have any questions regarding this update, please contact our Scientific Support team.
Properties
-
Form
Liquid -
Storage instructions
Shipped at 4°C. Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Upon delivery aliquot. Store at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycle. -
Storage buffer
pH: 7.20
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol, 0.05% BSA -
Concentration information loading...
-
Purity
Protein A purified -
Clonality
Monoclonal -
Clone number
Y391 -
Isotype
IgG -
Research areas
Associated products
-
Alternative Versions
-
ChIP Related Products
-
Compatible Secondaries
-
Isotype control
-
Positive Controls
-
Recombinant Protein
Applications
The Abpromise guarantee
Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab32028 in the following tested applications.
The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Application | Abreviews | Notes |
---|---|---|
WB | (3) |
1/1000 - 1/5000. Detects a band of approximately 250 kDa (predicted molecular weight: 289 kDa).
This antibody detects non-specific bands and high background. It doesn't detect the target band in some mouse and rat tissues. |
IP |
1/50 - 1/100.
|
|
IHC-P | (1) |
1/400. Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
|
IHC-Fr |
1/200.
|
Notes |
---|
WB
1/1000 - 1/5000. Detects a band of approximately 250 kDa (predicted molecular weight: 289 kDa). This antibody detects non-specific bands and high background. It doesn't detect the target band in some mouse and rat tissues. |
IP
1/50 - 1/100. |
IHC-P
1/400. Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
IHC-Fr
1/200. |
Target
-
Function
Kinase subunit of both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which regulates cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. mTORC1 is activated in response to growth factors or amino-acids. Growth factor-stimulated mTORC1 activation involves AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of TSC1-TSC2, which leads to the activation of the RHEB GTPase that potently activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. Amino-acid-signaling to mTORC1 requires its relocalization to the lysosomes mediated by the Ragulator complex and the Rag GTPases. Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. mTORC1 phosphorylates EIF4EBP1 and releases it from inhibiting the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E). mTORC1 phosphorylates and activates S6K1 at 'Thr-421', which then promotes protein synthesis by phosphorylating PDCD4 and targeting it for degradation. Phosphorylates MAF1 leading to attenuation of its RNA polymerase III-repressive function. mTORC2 is also activated by growth. factors, but seems to be nutrient-insensitive. mTORC2 seems to function upstream of Rho GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, probably by activating one or more Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors. mTORC2 promotes the serum-induced formation of stress-fibers or F-actin. mTORC2 plays a critical role in AKT1 'Ser-473' phosphorylation, which may facilitate the phosphorylation of the activation loop of AKT1 on 'Thr-308' by PDK1 which is a prerequisite for full activation. mTORC2 regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422'. mTORC2 also modulates the phosphorylation of PRKCA on 'Ser-657'. -
Tissue specificity
Expressed in numerous tissues, with highest levels in testis. -
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family.
Contains 1 FAT domain.
Contains 1 FATC domain.
Contains 7 HEAT repeats.
Contains 1 PI3K/PI4K domain. -
Post-translational
modificationsAutophosphorylated; when part of mTORC1 or mTORC2. -
Cellular localization
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Golgi apparatus membrane. Mitochondrion outer membrane. Lysosome. Cytoplasm. Nucleus > PML body. Shuttles between cytoplasm and nucleus. Accumulates in the nucleus in response to hypoxia (By similarity). Targeting to lysosomes depends on amino acid availability and RRAGA and RRAGB. - Information by UniProt
-
Database links
- Entrez Gene: 2475 Human
- Entrez Gene: 56717 Mouse
- Entrez Gene: 56718 Rat
- Omim: 601231 Human
- SwissProt: P42345 Human
- SwissProt: Q9JLN9 Mouse
- SwissProt: P42346 Rat
- Unigene: 338207 Human
see all -
Alternative names
- dJ576K7.1 (FK506 binding protein 12 rapamycin associated protein 1) antibody
- FK506 binding protein 12 rapamycin associated protein 1 antibody
- FK506 binding protein 12 rapamycin associated protein 2 antibody
see all
Images
-
All lanes : Anti-mTOR antibody [Y391] (ab32028) at 1/2000 dilution
Lane 1 : MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysates in RIPA buffer
Lane 2 : MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysates in HOT buffer
Lane 3 : Rat brain lysates in RIPA buffer
Lane 4 : Rat brain lysates in HOT buffer
Lane 5 : HepG2 (Human hepatocellular carcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysates
Lane 6 : Human fetal lung lysates
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane.
Secondary
All lanes : Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 289 kDa
Observed band size: 290 kDa why is the actual band size different from the predicted?
Exposure time: 15 secondsBlocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST
-
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-mTOR antibody [Y391] (ab32028)
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of human breast carcinoma tissue labelling mTOR with purified ab32028 at a dilution of 1/400. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using EDTA buffer pH 9. ab97051, a HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) was used as the secondary antibody (1/500). Negative control using PBS instead of primary antibody. Counterstained with hematoxylin.
-
IHC image of mTOR staining in a section of frozen normal human heart performed on a Leica BONDTM system using the standard protocol. The section was fixed in 10% paraformaldehyde (10 min) prior to staining. The section was incubated with ab32028, 1/200 dilution, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The section was then counterstained with haematoxylin and mounted with DPX. The inset secondary-only control image is taken from an identical assay without primary antibody.
For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.
-
Lanes 1-7 : Anti-mTOR antibody [Y391] (ab32028)
Lane 8 : Anti-mTOR antibody [Y391] (ab32028) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1 : Rat brain tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 2 : Rat heart tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 3 : Rat liver tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 4 : Rat spleen tissue with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 5 : Mouse brain tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 6 : Mouse heart tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 7 : Mouse kidney tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 8 : Mouse liver tissue lysate with 5% NFDM /TBST
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane.
Secondary
All lanes : Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) at 1/20000 dilution (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated)
Predicted band size: 289 kDa
Observed band size: 289 kDaExposure time:
Lane 1: 10 seconds
Lane 2-8: 180 secondsThis antibody detects non-specific bands and high background. It doesn’t detect the target band in some mouse and rat tissues.
-
ab32028 (purified) at a dilution of 1/100 immunoprecipitating mTOR in HeLa whole cell lysate.
Lane 1 (input): HeLa whole cell lysate (10µg)
Lane 2 (+): ab32028 + HeLa whole cell lysate.
Lane 3 (-): Rabbit monoclonal IgG (ab172730) instead of ab32028 in HeLa whole cell lysate.
For western blotting, ab131366 VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) was used for detection (1/1000).
Blocking buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST.
Diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM /TBST.
-
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-mTOR antibody [Y391] (ab32028)
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of mouse testis tissue labelling mTOR with purified ab32028 at a dilution of 1/400. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using EDTA buffer pH 9. ab97051, a HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) was used as the secondary antibody (1/500). Negative control using PBS instead of primary antibody. Counterstained with hematoxylin.
-
ab32028 (purified) at a dilution of 1/100 immunoprecipitating mTOR in rat brain tissue lysate.
Lane 1 (input): Rat brain tissue lysate (10µg)
Lane 2 (+): ab32028 + rat brain tissue lysate.
Lane 3 (-): Rabbit monoclonal IgG (ab172730) instead of ab32028 in rat brain tissue lysate.
For western blotting, ab131366 VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) was used for detection (1/1000).
Blocking buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST.
Diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM /TBST.
-
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-mTOR antibody [Y391] (ab32028)
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of rat testis tissue labelling mTOR with purified ab32028 at a dilution of 1/400. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using EDTA buffer pH 9. ab97051, a HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) was used as the secondary antibody (1/500). Negative control using PBS instead of primary antibody. Counterstained with hematoxylin.
-
All lanes : Anti-mTOR antibody [Y391] (ab32028) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1 : HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 2 : HaCaT (Human skin keratinocyte) whole cell lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 3 : MDA-MB-231 (Human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 4 : Mouse thymus (8-10 weeks) tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 5 : Mouse lung (8-10 weeks) tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 6 : Rat thymus tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 7 : Rat lung tissue lysate with 5% NFDM/TBST
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane.
Secondary
All lanes : Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) at 1/20000 dilution (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated)
Predicted band size: 289 kDa
Observed band size: 289 kDaExposure time:
Lane 1-3: 100 seconds
Lane 4-7: 180 secondsThis antibody detects non-specific bands and high background. It doesn’t detect the target band in some mouse and rat tissues.
Protocols
To our knowledge, customised protocols are not required for this product. Please try the standard protocols listed below and let us know how you get on.
Datasheets and documents
-
SDS download
-
Datasheet download
References (150)
ab32028 has been referenced in 150 publications.
- Qiu X et al. Metformin alleviates ß-glycerophosphate-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells via AMPK/mTOR-activated autophagy. Exp Ther Med 21:58 (2021). PubMed: 33365058
- Gong L et al. The co-treatment of rosuvastatin with dapagliflozin synergistically inhibited apoptosis via activating the PI3K/AKt/mTOR signaling pathway in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury rats. Open Med (Wars) 15:47-57 (2021). PubMed: 33385063
- Rong JH et al. Lobaplatin Enhances Radioactive 125I Seed-Induced Apoptosis and Anti-Proliferative Effect in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Suppressing the AKT/mTOR Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 14:289-300 (2021). PubMed: 33469307
- Zhang S et al. Metformin-Induced MicroRNA-34a-3p Downregulation Alleviates Senescence in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells by Targeting CAB39 through the AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2021:6616240 (2021). PubMed: 33505470
- Zeng X et al. Inhibition of mitochondrial and cytosolic calpain attenuates atrophy in myotubes co-cultured with colon carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 21:124 (2021). PubMed: 33552245