Recombinant human TNF alpha protein (Active) (ab259410)
Key features and details
- Expression system: HEK 293 cells
- Purity: >= 95% SDS-PAGE
- Endotoxin level: < 0.005 Eu/µg
- Active: Yes
- Suitable for: Sandwich ELISA, Cell Culture, Functional Studies, MS, HPLC, SDS-PAGE
Description
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Product name
Recombinant human TNF alpha protein (Active)
See all TNF alpha proteins and peptides -
Biological activity
Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependant Killing/apoptosis of L-929 cells is 0.71ng/mL corresponding to a Specific Activity of 1.41 x 106 IU/mg.
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Purity
>= 95 % SDS-PAGE.
>= 95 % HPLC. -
Endotoxin level
< 0.005 Eu/µg -
Expression system
HEK 293 cells -
Accession
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Protein length
Full length protein -
Animal free
Yes -
Carrier free
Yes -
Nature
Recombinant -
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Species
Human -
Sequence
VRSSSRTPSDKPVAHVVANPQAEGQLQWLNRRANALLANGVELRDNQLVV PSEGLYLIYSQVLFKGQGCPSTHVLLTHTISRIAVSYQTKVNLLSAIKSP CQRETPEGAEAKPWYEPIYLGGVFQLEKGDRLSAEINRPDYLDFAESGQV YFGIIAL -
Predicted molecular weight
17 kDa -
Amino acids
77 to 233 -
Additional sequence information
Full length mature chain soluble form. N-terminal glycine.
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Specifications
Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab259410 in the following tested applications.
The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
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Applications
Sandwich ELISA
Cell Culture
Functional Studies
Mass Spectrometry
HPLC
SDS-PAGE
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Form
Lyophilized -
Additional notes
This protein is filter sterilised prior to aliquoting and lyophilisation. All aliquoting and lyophilisation steps are performed in a sterile environment
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Concentration information loading...
Preparation and Storage
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Stability and Storage
Shipped at Room Temperature. Store at Room Temperature.
Information available upon request.
This product is an active protein and may elicit a biological response in vivo, handle with caution.
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ReconstitutionReconstitute with Phosphate Buffered Saline.Reconstituted protein stable at -80C for 12 months or 4C for 1 week. Lyophilized contents may appear as either a translucent film or a white powder. This variance does not affect the quality of the product.
General Info
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Alternative names
- APC1
- APC1 protein
- Cachectin
see all -
Function
Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. -
Involvement in disease
Genetic variations in TNF are a cause of susceptibility psoriatic arthritis (PSORAS) [MIM:607507]. PSORAS is an inflammatory, seronegative arthritis associated with psoriasis. It is a heterogeneous disorder ranging from a mild, non-destructive disease to a severe, progressive, erosive arthropathy. Five types of psoriatic arthritis have been defined: asymmetrical oligoarthritis characterized by primary involvement of the small joints of the fingers or toes; asymmetrical arthritis which involves the joints of the extremities; symmetrical polyarthritis characterized by a rheumatoidlike pattern that can involve hands, wrists, ankles, and feet; arthritis mutilans, which is a rare but deforming and destructive condition; arthritis of the sacroiliac joints and spine (psoriatic spondylitis). -
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. -
Post-translational
modificationsThe soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing.
The membrane form, but not the soluble form, is phosphorylated on serine residues. Dephosphorylation of the membrane form occurs by binding to soluble TNFRSF1A/TNFR1.
O-glycosylated; glycans contain galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid. -
Cellular localization
Secreted and Cell membrane. - Information by UniProt
Images
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Wild-type A549 control cells or IP-10 knockout A549 cells (ab266969), grown to 40% confluency, were stimulated with Recombinant Human Interferon gamma protein (ab259377) at 100 ng/ml and Recombinant human TNF alpha protein (ab259410) at 10 ng/ml or vehicle control for 16 or 32 hours.
THP-1 cells, grown to 40% confluency, were stimulated with Recombinant Human Interferon gamma protein (ab259377) at 200 ng/ml and LPS at 50 ng/mL or vehicle control for 24 hours.
The concentrations of IP-10 (CXCL10) in cell culture supernatants were measured in duplicate and interpolated from the IP-10 standard curves using Human IP-10 ELISA Kit (ab173194) . IP-10 from vehicle control samples were measured in undiluted supernatants and the treated samples were diluted 200 times. The interpolated dilution factor corrected values are plotted (mean +/- SD, n=2).
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Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependant Killing/apoptosis of L-929 cells is 0.71 ng/mL corresponding to a Specific Activity of 1.41 x 106 IU/mg.
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SDS-PAGE analysis of ab259410.
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Sandwich ELISA - Recombinant human TNF alpha protein standard curve.
Background subtracted standard curve using Human TNF alpha Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free (ab241791) and Recombinant human TNF alpha protein (Active) (ab259410) in sandwich ELISA. The ELISA was performed using the components of the corresponding SimpleStep® kit, which uses the same antibody pair with a different formulation and format.
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Flow cytometry overlay histogram showing wild-type A549 (green line) and VCAM1 knockout A549 cells (red line, ab273758), treated with 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha for 16 h (left) and untreated (right), stained with ab103173. The cells were incubated in 1x PBS containing 10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interaction followed by the antibody (ab103173) (1x106 in 100μl at 0.2μg/ml) for 30 min at 4°C.
Isotype control antibody mouse IgG1κ Allophycocyanin was used at the same concentration and conditions as the primary antibody (wild-type A549 - black line VCAM knockout A549 - grey line). Unlabelled sample was also used as a control (this line is not shown for the purpose of simplicity).
Acquisition of >5000 events were collected using a 40 mW Red laser (638nm) and 660/10 bandpass filter.
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All lanes : Anti-IP10 antibody [EPR20764] (ab214668) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1 : Wild-type A549 Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml, 6h) cell lysate
Lane 2 : Wild-type A549 IFN-y (ab259377) (100 ng/ml, 32 h) and TNF-alpha (ab259410) (10 ng/ml, 32h), and Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml for the last 6h) cell lysate
Lane 3 : IP10 knockout A549 Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml, 6h) cell lysate
Lane 4 : IP10 knockout A549 IFN-y (ab259377) (100ng/ml, 32h) and TNF-alpha (ab259410) (10ng/ml, 32h), and Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml for the last 6h) cell lysate
Lane 5 : THP-1 Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml, 6h) cell lysate
Lane 6 : THP-1 IFN-y (ab259377) (200ng/ml, 24h) and LPS (50ng/ml, 24h)-treated for 24 hours, and Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml for the last 6h) cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 30 µg per lane.
Performed under reducing conditions.
Observed band size: 11 kDa why is the actual band size different from the predicted?Lanes 1 - 6: Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab214668 observed at 11 kDa. Red - loading control ab8245 (Mouse anti-GAPDH antibody [6C5]) observed at 37kDa.
ab214668 was shown to react with IP10 in wild-type A549 cells in western blot with loss of signal observed in IP10 knockout cell line ab266971 (knockout cell lysate ab256888). Wild-type and IP10 knockout A549 cell lysates were subjected to SDS-PAGE. Membranes were blocked in fluorescent western blot (TBS-based) blocking solution before incubation with ab214668 and ab8245 (Mouse anti-GAPDH antibody [6C5]) overnight at 4°C at a 1 in 1000 dilution and a 1 in 20000 dilution respectively. Blots were incubated with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed (ab216773) and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed (ab216772) secondary antibodies at 1 in 20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.
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All lanes : Anti-IP10 antibody [EPR7850] (ab137018) at 1/500 dilution
Lane 1 : Wild-type A549 Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml, 6h) cell lysate
Lane 2 : Wild-type A549 IFN-y (ab259377) (100 ng/ml, 32 h) and TNF-alpha (ab259410) (10 ng/ml) for 32 hours, and Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml for the last 6h) cell lysate
Lane 3 : IP10 knockout A549 Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml, 6h) cell lysate
Lane 4 : IP10 knockout A549 IFN-y (ab259377) (100 ng/ml, 32 h) and TNF-alpha (ab259410) (10 ng/ml) for 32 hours, and Brefeldin A (ab120299)-treated (5ug/ml for the last 6h) cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 30 µg per lane.
Performed under reducing conditions.
Observed band size: 11 kDa why is the actual band size different from the predicted?Lanes 1 - 4: Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab137018 observed at 11 kDa. Red - loading control ab8245 (Mouse anti-GAPDH antibody [6C5]) observed at 37kDa.
ab137018 was shown to react with IP10 in A549 wild-type cells in western blot with loss of signal observed in IP10 knockout cell line ab266969 (IP10 knockout cell lysate ab256886). A549 wild-type and IP10 knockout cell lysates were subjected to SDS-PAGE. Membranes were blocked in fluorescent western blot (TBS-based) blocking solution before incubation with ab137018 and ab8245 (Mouse anti-GAPDH antibody [6C5]) overnight at 4°C at a 1 in 500 dilution and a 1 in 20000 dilution respectively. Blots were incubated with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed (ab216773) and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed (ab216772) secondary antibodies at 1 in 20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.
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Purity: 100%
The spectrum was recorded using a 1260 Infinity II HPLC system with DAD and a MabPac RP column (3.0x100 mm, 4 µm). 5 µL of purified protein was injected and the gradient run from 80 % water:TFA (99.9:0.1 v/v) and 20 % acetonitrile:water:TFA (90:9.9:0.1 v/v/v) to 20 % water:TFA (99.9:0.1 v/v) and 80 % acetonitrile:water:TFA (90:9.9:0.1 v/v/v) within 3 minutes followed by an isocratic step for another 3 min. Flow rate was 0.5 mL/min and the column compartment temperature was 50 °C.
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M + 0.2 Da (calc. mass 17409.8 Da)
The spectrum was recorded with a 6545XT AdvanceBio LC/Q-TOF (Agilent Technologies) and a MabPac RP column (42.1x50 mm, 4 µm, Thermo Scientific). 5 µL of purified protein was injected and the gradient run from 85 % water:FA (99.9:0.1 v/v) and 15 % acetonitrile:FA (90:9.9:0.1 v/v/v) to 55 % water:FA (99.9:0.1 v/v) and 45 % acetonitrile:FA (90:9.9:0.1 v/v/v) within 3 minutes followed by an isocratic step for another 2.5 min. Flow rate was 0.4 mL/min and the column compartment temperature was 60 °C. Data was analysed and deconvoluted using the Bioconfirm software (Agilent Technologies).
Protocols
To our knowledge, customised protocols are not required for this product. Please try the standard protocols listed below and let us know how you get on.
Datasheets and documents
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SDS download
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Datasheet download
References (1)
ab259410 has been referenced in 1 publication.
- Zhang X et al. Telmisartan Mitigates TNF-a-Induced Type II Collagen Reduction by Upregulating SOX-9. ACS Omega 6:11756-11761 (2021). PubMed: 34056329