Recombinant Human Kininogen 1 protein (His tag) (ab220569)

(1) Kininogens are inhibitors of thiol proteases; (2) HMW-kininogen plays an important role in blood coagulation by helping to position optimally prekallikrein and factor XI next to factor XII; (3) HMW-kininogen inhibits the thrombin- and plasmin-induced aggregation of thrombocytes; (4) the active peptide bradykinin that is released from HMW-kininogen shows a variety of physiological effects: (4A) influence in smooth muscle contraction, (4B) induction of hypotension, (4C) natriuresis and diuresis, (4D) decrease in blood glucose level, (4E) it is a mediator of inflammation and causes (4E1) increase in vascular permeability, (4E2) stimulation of nociceptors (4E3) release of other mediators of inflammation (e.g. prostaglandins), (4F) it has a cardioprotective effect (directly via bradykinin action, indirectly via endothelium-derived relaxing factor action); (5) LMW-kininogen inhibits the aggregation of thrombocytes; (6) LMW-kininogen is in contrast to HMW-kininogen not involved in blood clotting.

Secreted in plasma. T-kinin is detected in malignant ovarian, colon and breast carcinomas, but not in benign tumors.

Defects in KNG1 are the cause of high molecular weight kininogen deficiency (HMWK deficiency) [MIM:228960]. HMWK deficiency is an autosomal recessive coagulation defect. Patients with HWMK deficiency do not have a hemorrhagic tendency, but they exhibit abnormal surface-mediated activation of fibrinolysis.

Contains 3 cystatin domains.

Bradykinin is released from kininogen by plasma kallikrein.
Hydroxylation of Pro-383 occurs prior to the release of bradykinin.
Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracelllular medium.
N- and O-glycosylated. O-glycosylated with core 1 or possibly core 8 glycans.

Secreted > extracellular space.