Recombinant human ROCK1 protein (ab51415)

Protein kinase which is a key regulator of actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity. Involved in regulation of smooth muscle contraction, actin cytoskeleton organization, stress fiber and focal adhesion formation, neurite retraction, cell adhesion and motility via phosphorylation of DAPK3, GFAP, LIMK1, LIMK2, MYL9/MLC2, PFN1 and PPP1R12A. Phosphorylates FHOD1 and acts synergistically with it to promote SRC-dependent non-apoptotic plasma membrane blebbing. Phosphorylates JIP3 and regulates the recruitment of JNK to JIP3 upon UVB-induced stress. Acts as a suppressor of inflammatory cell migration by regulating PTEN phosphorylation and stability. Acts as a negative regulator of VEGF-induced angiogenic endothelial cell activation. Required for centrosome positioning and centrosome-dependent exit from mitosis. Plays a role in terminal erythroid differentiation. May regulate closure of the eyelids and ventral body wall by inducing the assembly of actomyosin bundles. Promotes keratinocyte terminal differentiation. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization.

Detected in blood platelets.

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
Contains 1 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain.
Contains 1 PH domain.
Contains 1 phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger.
Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
Contains 1 REM (Hr1) repeat.

The C-terminal auto-inhibitory domain interferes with kinase activity. RHOA binding leads to a conformation change and activation of the kinase. Truncated ROCK1 is constitutively activated.

Autophosphorylated on serine and threonine residues.
Cleaved by caspase-3 during apoptosis. This leads to constitutive activation of the kinase and membrane blebbing.

Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole. Golgi apparatus membrane. Cell projection, bleb. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell membrane. Cell projection, lamellipodium. Cell projection, ruffle. Associated with the mother centriole and an intercentriolar linker. Colocalizes with ITGB1BP1 and ITGB1 at the cell membrane predominantly in lamellipodia and membrane ruffles, but also in retraction fibers. Localizes at the cell membrane in an ITGB1BP1-dependent manner (By similarity). A small proportion is associated with Golgi membranes.