Tetrodotoxin, Na+ channel blocker (ab120054)

Submit a review Q&A (6)References (178)

Overview

  • Product name

    Tetrodotoxin, Na+ channel blocker

  • Description

    Na+ channel blocker

  • Alternative names

    • TTX

  • Biological description

    Potent, selective and reversible, use-dependent inhibitor of voltage-dependent Na+ channels.

  • Purity

    > 98%

  • General notes

    To purchase this product, additional information may be required for security reasons. Please contact customer services for further details.

  • CAS Number

    4368-28-9

  • Chemical structure

    Chemical Structure

Properties

Images

  • Functional Studies - Tetrodotoxin, Na<sup>+</sup> channel blocker (ab120054)
    Functional Studies - Tetrodotoxin, Na+ channel blocker (ab120054)Image from Gómez-Gonzalo M et al., PLoS Biol. 2010;8(4):e1000352. Fig 4(E).; doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000352. Reproduced under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    TTX blocked the ictal discharge in both field A and B neurons, but not the direct response of field A neurons to a double NMDA pulse (black arrowheads).
  • Functional Studies - Tetrodotoxin, Na<sup>+</sup> channel blocker (ab120054)
    Functional Studies - Tetrodotoxin, Na+ channel blocker (ab120054)Image from Riebe I et al., BMC Neuroscience. 2012;13:14. Fig 1.; doi: 10.1186/1471-2202-13-14. Reproduced under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
    Multiple connections between CA3 and CA1 pyramidal cells and GABAergic cells and CA1 pyramidal cells in young adult rats. (A1) A typical recording at -80 mV from a pyramidal cell, upper trace shows AMPA sEPSCs under control conditions and lower trace shows mEPSCs after wash-in of TTX. (A2) TTX reduces the AMPA EPSC amplitude by 5.9 ± 0.8 pA (P = 0.004, n = 8, two-tailed paired t-test). (A3) TTX reduces AMPA EPSC frequency by 1.5 ± 0.4 Hz (P < 0.001, n = 8, one-tailed paired t-test). (A4) The average multiplicity was 1.7 ± 0.1 (P < 0.001, n = 8, one-tailed one-sample t-test with test value = 1). (B1) A typical recording at 0 mV from a pyramidal cell, upper trace shows GABA sIPSCs under control conditions and lower trace shows mIPSCs after wash-in of TTX. (B2) TTX reduces the GABA IPSC amplitude by 8.4 ± 2.7 pA (P = 0.03, n = 6, two-tailed paired t-test). (B3) TTX reduces GABA IPSC frequency by 3.2 ± 0.8 Hz (P = 0.005, n = 6, one-tailed paired t-test). (B4) The average multiplicity was 2

Protocols

To our knowledge, customised protocols are not required for this product. Please try the standard protocols listed below and let us know how you get on.

Click here to view the general protocols

References

Publishing research using ab120054? Please let us know so that we can cite the reference in this datasheet.

ab120054 has been referenced in 178 publications.

  • Kosker AR  et al. Tetrodotoxin levels of three pufferfish species (Lagocephalus sp.) caught in the North-Eastern Mediterranean sea. Chemosphere 219:95-99 (2019). PubMed: 30529858
  • Loo L  et al. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of mouse neocortical development. Nat Commun 10:134 (2019). PubMed: 30635555
  • Kitko KE  et al. Membrane cholesterol mediates the cellular effects of monolayer graphene substrates. Nat Commun 9:796 (2018). PubMed: 29476054
  • Wang M  et al. Regulation of Spontaneous Contractions in Intact Rat Bladder Strips and the Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide. Biomed Res Int 2018:2925985 (2018). PubMed: 29511675
  • Croset V  et al. Cellular diversity in the Drosophila midbrain revealed by single-cell transcriptomics. Elife 7:N/A (2018). PubMed: 29671739
View all Publications for this product

Customer reviews and Q&As

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1-6 of 6 Abreviews or Q&A

Question

What molarity citrate buffer should be used for reconstitution?

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Answer

The specific molarity of the citrate buffer used to solubilize TTX (ab120054) is not as significant as the pH of 4.8. You can essentially use the molarity of citrate buffer that will be applicable with your specific study. As a general guideline for a range that can be used you can use 20 mM Citrate buffer. I also found the following paper which may be helpful, which used 1.5 mM citrate buffer, pH 4.8 to dissolve TTX to a concentration of 300 or 500 uM.

http://www.jneurosci.org/content/17/11/4359.full.pdf

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Question

What is the molecular weight of tetrodotoxin citrate? The datasheets for this product, ab120055, and tetrodotoxin, ab120054, give the same molecular weight (319.27) and same molecular formula (C11H17N3O8).

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Answer

The water-soluble TTX citrate ab120055 is not a citrate salt, it is simply TTX that has been dissolved in a citrate solution, and then lyophilized. So, it has the same molecular weight and formula as ab120054, which is soluble in pH 4.8 citrate buffer to 100 mM.

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Question

I am establishing an assay using Tetrodotoxin (ab120054) as an antagonist for the Sodium channels. I ve have seen a decrease in the inhibition of the depolarization between the different measurements.
The TTX Stock was dissolved in Citrate Buffer pH 4.8. This Stock is further diluted in Electrophysiology Buffer. This solution containing TTX was 6h at room temperature, rsp 6h between The first and the last measurement. Do you have experience with the stability of solubilized TTX?

Thank you in advance for your help.

Please reply on this email address (gmail), as we have a technical problem with the ZHAW email.

Best wishes

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Answer

Thank you for contacting us.

The following information is published on the datasheet;

Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to 6 months.

Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20°C. Generally, these will be useable for up to one month. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.

In short, the stability of product should not be affected in a lapse of 6 hours.

I hope this information is helpful to you. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you need any more advice or information.

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Question

I use TTX quite a lot and know it's highly toxic. Looking at the SDS however it's classed as Category 2 for acute inhalation toxicity which seems a bit surprising. It would be expected that this product would be at least as toxic by inhalation as by oral or dermal routes given that it's partially broken in the stomach.

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Answer

Despite extensive checking, including the RTECS database, we can find no toxicity data for inhalation (or skin contact) for TTX. In theory, we are not obliged to include any classification for these routes of entry if no data can be found. Obviously, we think it prudent to include the inhalation and skin contact hazards according to our judgement to make sure we give an indication that we believe TTX to be extremely toxic by all entry routes and not just by ingestion. It is worth noting that some suppliers only include the warning: ‘fatal by ingestion, might be irritating to the respiratory tract, might be irritating to the skin’.

If we were to classify TTX as category 1 by inhalation that would preclude the shipment of this material by air as the material would fall outside of ‘Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities’. So we have taken the following pragmatic approach:

The oral LD50 for a mouse is 334ug/kg and if this scales directly to a human, then 25mg would kill a 75kg man. If the inhalation route of entry has a similar level of toxicity (not unreasonable since both inhalation and ingestion require absorption through a moist membrane) then we do not sell TTX in sufficient quantities to prove fatal. Furthermore, the inhalation mode of entry requires (for a solid) the material to be in the form of an aerosol (dust or mist) and we feel that supplied as a lyophilised solid (generally stuck to the inside of the vial) then our product, a reasonably high molecular weight (319), low volatility solid is unlikely to be encountered in this form when handled using Good Laboratory Practices.

We believe that our SDS accurately conveys the hazard potential of this product and as it is intended solely for use in a laboratory, by trained personnel the likelihood of exposure to a fatal level is extremely remote.

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Question

Customer kindly contacted us regarding the difference between ab1202054 (TTX) and ab120055 (TTX-Citrate).

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Answer


I contacted the laboratory regarding the difference between ab120054 and ab120055, and they responded that the only difference between these two compounds is that TTX citrate (ab120055) is the water soluble version, which accounts for the difference in price.

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Question

Hello,

Please not Purity Requirement : >98% (Preferably HPLC) at least TLC. Please Send Certificate of Analysis.

Thank you

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Answer

Thank you for contacting us.


SL 327 (ab120082) and Kainic acid (ab120100) are both produced at >98% purity as determined by HPLC. I am checking which lots of these products have been assigned to you and then I will send the certificate of analysis for these lots.


The TTX is produced at >96% purity as determined by HPLC but we have stocks of this which is of >98% purity and I will again make sure that these stocks are being allocated to you and send the certificate of analysis.


In the meantime if you have any further questions please do not hesitate to ask.

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